This project creates a fall detection system that monitors an elderly person’s activity and alerts caregivers when a fall is suspected. Using multiple PIR sensors placed strategically, the system detects unusual patterns\u2014sudden motion followed by prolonged inactivity\u2014and sends an alert via SMS, email, or local alarm.<\/p>\n
Difficulty:<\/strong> Intermediate The system uses one or more PIR sensors to monitor movement patterns in key areas (bedroom, bathroom, living room). It detects anomalies: sudden rapid movement (characteristic of a fall), prolonged inactivity after movement, and motion detected in unexpected areas. When a potential fall is detected, the system activates an alarm and sends notifications to caregivers.<\/p>\n OUT<\/th>\n GPIO 4<\/th>\n OUT<\/th>\n GPIO 5<\/th>\n OUT<\/th>\n GPIO 6<\/th>\n OUT<\/th>\n GPIO 7<\/th>\n Positive<\/th>\n GPIO 8<\/th>\n Anode<\/th>\n GPIO 2 (via 220\u03a9)<\/th>\n<\/tbody>\n \u8868<\/p>\n This fall detection system provides peace of mind for caregivers and independence for elderly individuals living alone, ensuring help arrives quickly when needed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Project Overview This project creates a fall detection system that monitors an elderly person’s activity and alerts caregivers when a fall is suspected. Using multiple PIR sensors placed strategically, the system detects unusual patterns\u2014sudden motion followed by prolonged inactivity\u2014and sends an alert via SMS, email, or local alarm. Difficulty: Intermediate Estimated time: 3-4 hours Estimated […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4133","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-projects"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"\r\n
\nEstimated time:<\/strong> 3-4 hours
\nEstimated cost:<\/strong> $40-60<\/p>\nHow It Works<\/h2>\n
Materials Needed<\/h2>\n
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Sensor Placement<\/h2>\n
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Circuit Diagram<\/h2>\n
Connection Table<\/h3>\n
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Component<\/th>\n Pin<\/th>\n ESP32 Pin<\/th>\n<\/thead>\n \nPIR Sensor 1 (Bedroom)<\/th>\n PIR Sensor 2 (Bathroom)<\/th>\n PIR Sensor 3 (Living)<\/th>\n PIR Sensor 4 (Hallway)<\/th>\n Buzzer<\/th>\n Status LED<\/th>\n Arduino Code<\/h2>\n
\/\/ Elderly Fall Detection System\n#include <WiFi.h>\n#include <HTTPClient.h>\n\nconst char* ssid = \"YourWiFiSSID\";\nconst char* password = \"YourWiFiPassword\";\nconst char* botToken = \"YourTelegramBotToken\";\nconst char* chatID = \"YourChatID\";\n\nconst int pirPins[] = {4, 5, 6, 7};\nconst int buzzerPin = 8;\nconst int ledPin = 2;\nconst int numSensors = 4;\n\nconst char* sensorNames[] = {\"Bedroom\", \"Bathroom\", \"Living Room\", \"Hallway\"};\n\nunsigned long lastMotionTime = 0;\nconst unsigned long inactivityThreshold = 300000;\nconst unsigned long fallCooldown = 60000;\n\nbool fallAlertActive = false;\nbool normalActivity = true;\nunsigned long lastActivityTime[4];\nint motionCounts[4];\n\nint rapidMovementCount = 0;\nunsigned long rapidMovementStartTime = 0;\nconst int rapidMovementThreshold = 3;\nconst unsigned long rapidMovementWindow = 5000;\n\nvoid setup() {\n Serial.begin(115200);\n \n for (int i = 0; i < numSensors; i++) {\n pinMode(pirPins[i], INPUT);\n lastActivityTime[i] = 0;\n motionCounts[i] = 0;\n }\n \n pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);\n pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);\n digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);\n digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);\n \n WiFi.begin(ssid, password);\n while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) delay(500);\n \n delay(60000);\n}\n\nvoid sendTelegramAlert(String message) {\n if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {\n HTTPClient http;\n String url = \"https:\/\/api.telegram.org\/bot\" + String(botToken) + \"\/sendMessage\";\n http.begin(url);\n http.addHeader(\"Content-Type\", \"application\/json\");\n String payload = \"{\\\"chat_id\\\":\\\"\" + String(chatID) + \"\\\", \\\"text\\\":\\\"\" + message + \"\\\"}\";\n http.POST(payload);\n http.end();\n }\n}\n\nvoid activateAlarm() {\n if (!fallAlertActive) {\n fallAlertActive = true;\n sendTelegramAlert(\"FALL DETECTED! Please check on the individual immediately.\");\n \n digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);\n for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {\n tone(buzzerPin, 2000, 500);\n delay(500);\n tone(buzzerPin, 2500, 500);\n delay(500);\n }\n }\n}\n\nvoid resetAlarm() {\n if (fallAlertActive) {\n fallAlertActive = false;\n digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);\n digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);\n sendTelegramAlert(\"Fall alarm has been reset.\");\n }\n}\n\nvoid checkForFall() {\n unsigned long currentTime = millis();\n bool anyMotion = false;\n unsigned long latestMotionTime = 0;\n \n for (int i = 0; i < numSensors; i++) {\n bool motion = digitalRead(pirPins[i]) == HIGH;\n \n if (motion) {\n anyMotion = true;\n latestMotionTime = currentTime;\n \n if (currentTime - lastActivityTime[i] > 1000) {\n lastActivityTime[i] = currentTime;\n motionCounts[i]++;\n \n if (currentTime - rapidMovementStartTime < rapidMovementWindow) {\n rapidMovementCount++;\n } else {\n rapidMovementStartTime = currentTime;\n rapidMovementCount = 1;\n }\n }\n }\n }\n \n if (rapidMovementCount > rapidMovementThreshold) {\n activateAlarm();\n }\n \n if (!anyMotion && normalActivity && (currentTime - lastMotionTime > inactivityThreshold)) {\n activateAlarm();\n normalActivity = false;\n }\n \n if (anyMotion) {\n lastMotionTime = currentTime;\n normalActivity = true;\n }\n}\n\nvoid loop() {\n checkForFall();\n \n if (digitalRead(0) == LOW) {\n delay(50);\n if (digitalRead(0) == LOW) {\n resetAlarm();\n while (digitalRead(0) == LOW) delay(10);\n }\n }\n \n delay(100);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nCaregiver Web Dashboard<\/h2>\n
#include <WebServer.h>\nWebServer server(80);\n\nvoid handleRoot() {\n String html = \"<html><body><h1>Activity Monitor<\/h1><table border=1>\";\n for (int i = 0; i < numSensors; i++) {\n html += \"<tr><td>\" + String(sensorNames[i]) + \"<\/td><td>\" + String(motionCounts[i]) + \"<\/td><\/tr>\";\n }\n html += \"<\/table><\/body><\/html>\";\n server.send(200, \"text\/html\", html);\n}\n\nvoid setup() {\n server.on(\"\/\", handleRoot);\n server.begin();\n}\n\nvoid loop() {\n server.handleClient();\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nInstallation Steps<\/h2>\n
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Conclusion<\/h2>\n