This project converts a standard sink faucet into a touchless automatic faucet. When you place your hands under the faucet, a PIR sensor detects motion and opens a solenoid valve, allowing water to flow. When you remove your hands, the water stops after a short delay. This is perfect for kitchens, bathrooms, and public spaces where hygiene is important.<\/p>\n
Difficulty:<\/strong> Intermediate A PIR sensor is positioned under the faucet spout, facing down toward the sink. When hands enter the detection zone, the sensor triggers an Arduino\/ESP32, which activates a solenoid valve connected to the water line. The valve opens, water flows, and when hands are removed, the valve closes after a brief delay (to prevent rapid cycling).<\/p>\n An optional temperature sensor can detect water temperature, and an LCD can display status.<\/p>\n Position the PIR sensor under the faucet spout, facing downward. The sensor should be angled so it detects hands in the sink but not people walking past. For best results:<\/p>\n This touchless faucet project adds convenience and improves hygiene in your kitchen or bathroom. With proper installation, it provides years of reliable, hands-free operation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Project Overview This project converts a standard sink faucet into a touchless automatic faucet. When you place your hands under the faucet, a PIR sensor detects motion and opens a solenoid valve, allowing water to flow. When you remove your hands, the water stops after a short delay. This is perfect for kitchens, bathrooms, and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-projects"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"\r\n
\nEstimated time:<\/strong> 3-4 hours
\nEstimated cost:<\/strong> $40-60<\/p>\nHow It Works<\/h2>\n
Materials Needed<\/h2>\n
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Important Safety Notes<\/h2>\n
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Circuit Diagram<\/h2>\n
Connection Table<\/h3>\n
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Component<\/th>\n Pin<\/th>\n Arduino Pin<\/th>\n<\/thead>\n \nPIR Sensor<\/th>\n VCC<\/td>\n 5V<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n PIR Sensor<\/th>\n GND<\/td>\n GND<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n PIR Sensor<\/th>\n OUT<\/td>\n Digital Pin 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Relay Module<\/th>\n VCC<\/td>\n 5V<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Relay Module<\/th>\n GND<\/td>\n GND<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Relay Module<\/th>\n IN<\/td>\n Digital Pin 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Solenoid Valve<\/th>\n Positive<\/td>\n Relay COM (power supply +)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Solenoid Valve<\/th>\n Negative<\/td>\n Relay NO (to power supply -)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Plumbing Installation<\/h2>\n
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Arduino Code<\/h2>\n
\/\/ Automatic Faucet with PIR Sensor\n\/\/ Opens solenoid valve when hands detected\n\nconst int pirPin = 2;\nconst int valvePin = 3;\n\nunsigned long lastTriggerTime = 0;\nconst unsigned long waterDuration = 3000; \/\/ Water flows for 3 seconds after hands removed\nconst unsigned long minInterval = 1000; \/\/ Minimum time between cycles\n\nbool waterOn = false;\nbool motionDetected = false;\n\nvoid setup() {\n Serial.begin(9600);\n \n pinMode(pirPin, INPUT);\n pinMode(valvePin, OUTPUT);\n \n digitalWrite(valvePin, LOW);\n \n Serial.println(\"Automatic Faucet Ready\");\n Serial.println(\"Waiting 60 seconds for PIR warm-up...\");\n delay(60000);\n}\n\nvoid turnWaterOn() {\n digitalWrite(valvePin, HIGH);\n waterOn = true;\n Serial.println(\"Water ON\");\n}\n\nvoid turnWaterOff() {\n digitalWrite(valvePin, LOW);\n waterOn = false;\n Serial.println(\"Water OFF\");\n}\n\nvoid loop() {\n bool motion = digitalRead(pirPin) == HIGH;\n \n if (motion && !motionDetected) {\n \/\/ Hands detected - turn water on\n motionDetected = true;\n lastTriggerTime = millis();\n \n if (!waterOn) {\n turnWaterOn();\n }\n }\n \n if (!motion && motionDetected) {\n \/\/ Hands removed - start timer\n motionDetected = false;\n lastTriggerTime = millis();\n }\n \n \/\/ If water is on and no motion, turn off after delay\n if (waterOn && !motionDetected && (millis() - lastTriggerTime > waterDuration)) {\n turnWaterOff();\n }\n \n \/\/ Safety: auto-off after 30 seconds regardless (prevent flooding)\n if (waterOn && (millis() - lastTriggerTime > 30000)) {\n Serial.println(\"Safety timeout - turning water off\");\n turnWaterOff();\n }\n \n delay(100);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nEnhanced Version with Temperature Display<\/h2>\n
#include <OneWire.h>\n#include <DallasTemperature.h>\n#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>\n\n#define ONE_WIRE_BUS 4\nOneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS);\nDallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire);\n\nLiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);\n\nconst int pirPin = 2;\nconst int valvePin = 3;\n\nunsigned long lastTriggerTime = 0;\nconst unsigned long waterDuration = 3000;\nbool waterOn = false;\nbool motionDetected = false;\nfloat currentTemp = 0;\n\nvoid setup() {\n Serial.begin(9600);\n pinMode(pirPin, INPUT);\n pinMode(valvePin, OUTPUT);\n digitalWrite(valvePin, LOW);\n \n sensors.begin();\n \n lcd.init();\n lcd.backlight();\n lcd.setCursor(0, 0);\n lcd.print(\"Touchless Faucet\");\n lcd.setCursor(0, 1);\n lcd.print(\"Ready\");\n \n delay(60000);\n}\n\nvoid readTemperature() {\n sensors.requestTemperatures();\n currentTemp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);\n \n if (currentTemp != -127) {\n lcd.setCursor(0, 1);\n lcd.print(\"Temp: \");\n lcd.print(currentTemp);\n lcd.print(\"C\");\n }\n}\n\nvoid loop() {\n readTemperature();\n \n bool motion = digitalRead(pirPin) == HIGH;\n \n if (motion && !motionDetected) {\n motionDetected = true;\n lastTriggerTime = millis();\n if (!waterOn) {\n digitalWrite(valvePin, HIGH);\n waterOn = true;\n lcd.setCursor(0, 0);\n lcd.print(\"Water ON \");\n }\n }\n \n if (!motion && motionDetected) {\n motionDetected = false;\n lastTriggerTime = millis();\n }\n \n if (waterOn && !motionDetected && (millis() - lastTriggerTime > waterDuration)) {\n digitalWrite(valvePin, LOW);\n waterOn = false;\n lcd.setCursor(0, 0);\n lcd.print(\"Ready \");\n }\n \n if (waterOn && (millis() - lastTriggerTime > 30000)) {\n digitalWrite(valvePin, LOW);\n waterOn = false;\n lcd.setCursor(0, 0);\n lcd.print(\"Safety OFF \");\n }\n \n delay(100);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nPIR Sensor Positioning<\/h2>\n
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Enclosure and Waterproofing<\/h2>\n
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Installation Steps<\/h2>\n
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Project Extensions<\/h2>\n
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Troubleshooting<\/h2>\n
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Conclusion<\/h2>\n